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Diputado Giorgio Jackson sobre el TPP: “Las corporaciones a través de los gobiernos generan mejores condiciones para sus inversiones”

Durante el 21 y 22 de Julio la Internacional de Servicios Públicos, IPS por su sigla en inglés, organizó el Taller Nacional sobre TPP y TISA. En el Panel: Diputados de Chile contra el TPP expuso el representante del distrito 22 Giorgio Jackson.

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Su exposición comenzó contextualizando el lugar de Chile en las negociaciones con grandes economías como lo son Estados Unidos y Japón, países claves en la constitución del Transpacific Partnership. “No hay que ser ingenuos en pensar que Chile tenía la posición de ir con fuerza, si se va con una persona versus 300, el acuerdo –o el texto- que se genera ahí va a estar desequilibrado, va a estar totalmente descompensado. Por un tema de volumen, 100 personas capacitadas, altamente calificadas, piensan mejor los detalles, las trampas, las comas, los anexos, los supuestos, etc, que 5 ó 10 personas. Hay una desigualdad en cómo se van generando los tratados”.

También se refirió al hermetismo que caracterizó este tratado y que favoreció a quienes tienen más poder, ya que –en su opinión- la apertura habría equilibrado la balanza y la capacidad de transparencia beneficiaría la posición negociadora de las economías más pequeñas.

Jackson recordó que durante el 2013 el comando de Bachelet fue bastante crítico con la negociación del TPP que llevaba el gobierno de Sebastián Piñera, y tras asumir su posición se volvió mucho más silente.

¿Qué es lo que pasó que los asesores de Bachelet cambiaron de postura frente a este TLC? Jackson explicitó tres posibilidades:

  • Puede que mantengan una posición crítica pero a pesar de eso decidieron aceptarlo.
  • La otra opción es la corrupción, posibilidad que considera menos probable.
  • Y la tercera, que es a la que suscribe, es que el costo político de rechazar era más grande que los costos económicos que firmar el acuerdo. Los riesgos de decirle que no a Estados Unidos.

la foto-3En otro punto, recalcó que éste no es un tratado que per sé beneficie a un país por sobre otro, sino que beneficia a los inversionistas por sobre cualquier país de los 12 que lo componen, solo que los inversionistas están más concentrados en Estados Unidos y en Japón. En su opinión, “el conflicto sigue siendo capital versus trabajo, no es algo nuevo y sigue siendo uno de los factores principales, cómo se le asegura la rentabilidad a la inversión de capital contra cómo salen los trabajadores o consumidores afectados en este proceso. No es que gane Obama o el Presidente de Japón, lo que ganan acá son las corporaciones que a través de los gobiernos generan mejores condiciones para sus países e indirectamente generan mayor recaudación fiscal”.

En lo particular, a Jackson los temas que más le preocupan en un tratado de esta naturaleza tienen que ver con la propiedad intelectual, más allá de la dominación, de la falta de democracia, la dificultad de salir de la trampa de los ingresos medios que empujan a seguir una lógica extractivista de recursos naturales.

La propiedad intelectual es uno de los aspectos más sensibles del TPP, porque se mantiene en la lógica del acuerdo del 2003 con Estados Unidos y es peor aún porque no lo teníamos con los 11 países restantes. “La base de las leyes de la propiedad intelectual es que tienen un territorio de dominio. Por ejemplo en materia de medicamentos, si nosotros no tuviésemos un acuerdo que vinculara nuestra legislación a otra en materia de propiedad intelectual podríamos generar o comprar a otro país, por ejemplo India que tiene un costo de producción muy barato, a la misma calidad, muy similar y a un precio – que no estoy haciendo comparaciones ridículas, 100 o 200 veces menor; con el TPP no se tendrá esa opción. Nos estamos sometiendo a un régimen que no nos convenía y lo estamos ampliando” concluyó.

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