Comunicado | Cumbre APEC: Organizaciones de Perú, México y Chile se oponen a reactivación del TPP
Viernes 10 de noviembre de 2017
En el marco de la realización de la Cumbre APEC, organizaciones sociales y civiles de Perú, México y Chile plantean su descontento y oposición a que se reactiven negociaciones como el TPP, ahora sin Estados Unidos, ya que consideran que este acuerdo es muy perjudicial para los pueblos y se contradice con acuerdos internacionales de derechos humanos en diversas materias.
Luego de que Donald Trump desahució el TPP al inicio de su mandato, los 11 países restantes manifestaron su voluntad de persistir en la concreción del acuerdo. Una primera reunión en la cuidad de Viña del Mar, en el mes de marzo, dio lugar a varias otras sesiones que apuntaban a llegar a tiempo a la cumbre de la APEC. Las organizaciones de los países latinoamericanos denunciaron que sus gobiernos persistieron en el secretismo deplorado en el acuerdo original, puesto que no se informó ni se convocó a debates sobre cuáles son los alcances del TPP-11.
Ana Romero, de la Red Peruana por una Globalización con Equidad – Red GE, y miembro de Perú Mejor sin TPP, expone que se ha demostrado que este acuerdo es “uno de los acuerdos más nocivos firmados hasta el momento, comprobado por estudios de impacto de diferentes países, relatores de derechos humanos e intelectuales”. Agrega que el Ministerio de Salud peruano, a través de un estudio de impacto, declaró al TPP como un acuerdo comercial peligroso para la población de dicho país, especialmente para temáticas de acceso a medicamentos. “Lo que entendemos frente a la iniciativa de resucitar este acuerdo comercial, es que nuestros gobernantes pueden hacer lo que quieran ya que ni siquiera respetan las cláusulas que ellos mismos negociaron al firmar. Buscan mecanismos jurídicos para que el TPP siga vivo, ahora con 11 países, buscando consensuar dichas cláusulas que fueron polémicas en su momento”, afirma Romero desde Perú.
Por su parte, Alberto Arroyo, miembro representante de México Mejor sin TPP, comenta que su país ya tiene demasiados tratados firmados y que aún no se ha demostrado el beneficio de esta conducta gubernamental. “Nos opusimos al TPP, no porque fuera Estados Unidos parte de la negociación, sino después del análisis detallado de todos sus contenidos, que nos mostró que es aún peor que otros tratados que ha firmado México”, comenta Arroyo desde México, agregando que como organización se oponen a que se reinicien las negociaciones y se intente resucitar dicho tratado en el marco de la Cumbre APEC.
Tomás Lagomarsino, presidente de Fundación Equidad y miembro de la plataforma Chile Mejor sin TLC asegura que “se sigue negociando un tratado que ha sido calificado como perjudicial para los derechos humanos de todos los chilenos, el TPP. Independiente de la salida de Estados Unidos, los 11 países restantes, incluido Chile, han seguido negociando algo que es perjudicial porque impide el descenso del precio de los medicamentos”. Lagomarsino agrega que Chile es uno de los países de Latinoamérica y del mundo con mayores costos en medicamentos, por lo que el TPP “amarra a los chilenos sufriendo las calamidades del sistema de salud sumamente insuficiente. Nosotros decimos grandes tratados son grandes miserias”, señala.
Otras reacciones en Chile:
“La APEC se ha transformado en un apéndice de la política imperial económica de las grandes transnacionales de los Estados Unidos, aún sin que el gobierno norteamericano lo quiera, esto es lamentable y penoso”, comenta Esteban Silva, de Fundación Constituyente XXI y miembro también de Chile Mejor sin TLC. Agrega que la renegociación del TPP en este escenario, es una desregulación y la privatización creciente del comercio “en definitiva, un comercio a servicio de las grandes transnacionales y no un comercio justo, donde el problema es que tenemos políticas comerciales y económicas subordinadas, sin soberanía mínima sin lógicas de integración”, afirma Silva.
Paulina Acevedo, del Observatorio Ciudadano y miembro de la plataforma Chile Mejor sin TLC comenta que la preocupación de las organizaciones sociales y civiles es que en el marco de la reunión de la APEC, se acuerde un compromiso inicial de dar continuidad al TPP. “Este acuerdo es altamente cuestionado por expertos de Naciones Unidas dada su clara afectación a derechos humanos y hasta ahora Chile no cuenta con ningún informe, los que ya han sido solicitados, que mida el impacto del TPP en el deber del Estado de garantizar dichos derechos», confirma Acevedo.
Por su parte, Lucía Sepúlveda, de RAP-Chile y miembro también de la plataforma, comenta que las consecuencias lógicas de resucitar el TPP será reactivar en todo el mundo la lucha de los ciudadanos “contra este intento de dominio global”, afirma Sepúlveda. “Según declaraciones de los impulsores de esta maniobra, no habrá renegociación, sino solo congelamiento de algunas de las disposiciones favorables a Estados Unidos, por lo que en esencia se trata del mismo tratado, que entrega a las corporaciones transnacionales como Monsanto y las farmacéuticas, más reglas del juego favorables a la inversión, al extractivismo y a la depredación del medio ambiente. Estas disposiciones constituyen un candado para bloquear los cambios que buscamos en materias relacionadas con la salud, la previsión y otros”, establece la representante de Chile Mejor sin TLC.
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