Velatón por la Soberanía: “Si el TLC hizo agonizar nuestra soberanía, el TPP viene a rematarla”
A días de un nuevo aniversario de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio de Chile con Estados Unidos, integrantes de la Campaña “Yo no quiero TPP en la V Región”, convocan a la ciudadanía a manifestarse contra el Acuerdo Transpacífico, pues vendría a “rematar” la débil soberanía nacional.
La foto George W. Bush y Ricardo Lagos ajustando los últimos detalles del ansiado Tratado de Libre Comercio, destacaba en la prensa a inicios del segundo milenio. Los Presidentes de ese entonces, afirmaban que el TLC reduciría notablemente las barreras arancelarias, trayendo una apertura beneficiosa para ambos mercados. Hoy, a días de que se cumplan 13 años de la firma del Tratado, son varias las voces opositoras que señalan que, desde esa fecha, la soberanía chilena comenzó su agonía, y que hoy tendría su fin definitivo si el Acuerdo Transpacífico, TPP en su sigla en inglés, es ratificado por el Parlamento.
Para Sebastián Balbontín, representante de la Campaña “Yo no quiero TPP en la V Región” y coordinador del territorio Marga Marga de Revolución Democrática, la firma de estos Tratados debe entenderse en el marco de la ampliación de la dominación geopolítica que EEUU ha ejercido en los últimos 20 años, tanto en América Latina como en el mundo. “Como muchos otros países, Chile ha tenido beneficios mínimos en relación a las promesas previas a la firma del TLC. Hoy, es innegable que nuestra economía ha quedado a merced de los intereses corporativos estadounidenses, que entran libremente, sin protecciones, para la extracción excesiva de nuestros recursos naturales”, señaló.
Y es que para Balbotín, lo que se entregó con el TLC fue la protección de nuestro mercado nacional ante el internacional, bajo el argumento del libre comercio. “Se privilegió ser parte del club de los aliados de EEUU desestimando, por ejemplo, proteger nuestra soberanía alimentaria. ¿Qué puede hacer hoy un mediano agricultor de naranjas contra la enorme competitividad de las agroexportadoras internacionales? Eso es pérdida de soberanía, porque con este tratado el Estado decidió arbitrariamente bajar sus medidas de protección, dejando a los ciudadanos solos ante las fuerzas del modelo neoliberal”, sentenció.
Idea que es compartida por la activista Rosa Martínez, quién advirtió que entre los grandes desfavorecidos están, sin duda, los pequeños productores agrícolas nacionales. «Ellos tuvieron que entrar a competir en desventajas con el sector agrícola norteamericano subsidiado”, explicó. Así también, las posibilidades de fortalecer el intercambio local se vieron opacadas. “El TLC ha hecho que Chile oriente las relaciones económicas hacia Estados Unidos, en desmedro de sus vecinos americanos, evitando generar bloques de intercambio comercial local fuertes e incentivar un mercado más integrado dentro de América Latina”, explicó Martínez, quien es también vocera de la Campaña Yo no quiero TPP en la V Región.
El sector de la salud también se vio afectado. Según contó el doctor Tomás Lagomarsino, presidente de la Fundación Equidad, el TLC creó un mecanismo para generar monopolios farmacéuticos. “Este se llama protección de datos de prueba y estableció un período de 5 años en los cuales no ingresan a nuestro país genéricos, ni similares al impedir usar los estudios científicos que sustentan un medicamento. Adicionalmente, trató de crear el Linkage administrativo entre el registro sanitario a cargo del Instituto de Salud Pública (ISP) y la propiedad intelectual a cargo del Instituto Nacional de Propiedad Industrial (INAPI). Sin embargo, Chile lo resolvió por la vía judicial en lo que se ha llamado el Linkage judicial. Esta es una de las razones por las cuales nuestro país permanece en el Priority Watch List que es un listado de países que tienen acuerdos comerciales con Estados Unidos y que no los cumplen a cabalidad”, indicó.
A este escenario, ya complejo, se sumaría la firma del Acuerdo Transpacífico, por parte de Chile, durante el pasado mes de febrero. “Si el TLC hizo agonizar nuestra soberanía, el TPP viene a rematarla. Pues los efectos no son solo económicos, sino también políticos y aquí el que está en desventaja es claramente el ciudadano común”, sentenció Balbotín, detallando las consecuencias que traería este Acuerdo. “La perdida de nuestra soberanía alimentaria, con la entrada oculta de la Ley Monsanto (convenio UPOV), que marcaría la llegada de los transgénicos a Chile; el encarecimiento de los medicamentos genéricos, la implantación de altísimas restricciones al consumo de contenidos en la web por la aplicación de nuevas normas de derechos de autor, son solo algunas de las implicancias, y a esto se suma que el TPP coloca a las corporaciones transnacionales en capacidad de demandar al Estado chileno, ante tribunales internacionales, si es que ven que sus intereses han sido afectados”, agregó.
666: Velatón por la soberanía
Con el fin de hacer frente a esta pérdida de soberanía, los integrantes de la Campaña “Yo no quiero TPP V Región”, han convocado a la ciudadanía a participar de la velatón por la soberanía en el Frontis del Congreso Nacional en Valparaíso. La actividad se realizará el lunes 6 de junio, día en que se cumple un nuevo aniversario de la firma del TLC.
“Teniendo, coincidentemente, una combinación numérica fatídica (día 6 del mes 6 a las 6 de la tarde), escenificaremos el funeral de nuestra soberanía. Portaremos un ataúd, símbolo de su muerte, acompañado de los deudos, que serán los ciudadanos vestidos con indumentaria ad-hoc. La idea es generar un impacto y llamar a los Parlamentarios a votar en rechazo del Acuerdo Transpacífico”, indicó la activista Rosa Martínez.
“Estamos dispuestos a dar la lucha en todos los espacios para decir NO AL TPP. Es por eso que, como ciudadanos, iremos al Congreso Nacional a decir que no estamos dispuestos a entregar nuestra soberanía, y que no la dejaremos morir tan fácil”, añadió, por su parte, Balbontín.
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